•Social Movement

• Social Movement for social change

•Social movements are a type of group action.

•A group of people with a common ideology who try together to achieve certain general goals.

•social movement is generally oriented towards bringing social change.

•They are large informal groupings of individuals and/or organizations focused on specific political or social issues

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•Guess it?

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•Social movements are processes of constant change and transformation. Despite their ever-changing nature, they have enabled the development of wide-ranging alliances that have led to tremendous social, political and economic change.

•Contd…

•Social movements are generally described as conscious, collective activities to promote social change, representing a protest against the established power structure and dominant norms and values

•Definition

•“A social movement is a collective effort to promote or resist change”.(Horton and Hunt)

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•According  to Turner and killian: A collectively acting with some continuity to promote or resist change in the society or group of which it is a part.

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•Contd..

 A main resource of such movements is the commitment and active—often, unpaid—participation of its members or activists.

•Characteristics of Social Movement

•Collective Action: There should be mass number of people supporting or favoring the movement

•Oriented towards Social Change(objectives of the social movement)

•Organizational Framework (division of work or labor for proper mobilization of people)

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•Contd…

•Ideology behind the movement(Aware of rights and humanistic approach)

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Techniques and Results:: without proper technique there is high chances of failure of social movement. The technique and result plays an important role.

e.g., violent, non-violent, protest, strike and so on.

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•Types of change

•Innovative Movement(New ideas): Movements which wants to introduce or change particular norms, values etc.

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•Conservative Movements: Movements which wants to preserve existing norms,values,social laws etc.

•Types of social movement

•Reform movement: Movements advocating changing some norms or laws .e.g., trade union with a goal of increasing workers rights, right to abortion, a green movement advocating a set of ecological laws.

•Radical movement: Movement dedicate to changing valve systems in a fundamental way. e,g. American civil rights movement-which demanded full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans regardless of race(movement against racism)

•Methods

•Peaceful Movements: various movement which use nonviolent means of protest as a part of a campaign of nonviolent resistance, also often called civil resistance. The American civil right movement, Indian independence movement

•Violent Movement: various movement which restore to violence. They are usually armed and in extreme cases can take a form of paramilitary or terrorist organization.e.g,Al-Quida

•Range of movement

•Local movement: Most of social movements have a local scope. They are focused on local or regional objectives, such as protecting a natural area.

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•Global movement: social movement with global objectives and goals to change society at a global level. Marxist movement

•Reform:

 Social reform is a progressive manner to change society for better of mankind

•To change for the better.

 

•An improvement.

• Correction of evils, abuses, or errors.

• Action to improve social or economic conditions without radical or revolutionary change.

 

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•Basic values of Reform

•Freedom

•Equality

•Solidarity

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