•Political Party

•Political party serves as the motive force in crystalizing public 

opinion and as the unifying agency which makes democracy 

workable. Political party is an organized group of citizens who held 

common views and acts as a political unit to seek control of the 

government as well as to prepare programs and  policies.

•McIver defines political party as an “association organized in 

support of some principles or policies, which by constitutional 

means, it endeavors to make the determinant of government.”

•Leacock compares it to a joint stock company to which each member contributes his share of political power.

•Carl Friedrich defines “ a political party as a group of human beings, stably organized with objectives of securing or maintaining for its leaders the control of a government and with the further objectives of giving to members of the party, through such control, ideal benefits and advantages.”

•Formation of Political party

Following are the conditions to form the political party:

•There must be certain measures of agreement on fundamental principles-cooperation, devotion, surrender of self-interest, etc.

•Organization should be permanently cohesive and well-knit body that enables the members to acquire strength so as to act in a concert.

•Parties should be organized with a clear and specific programs and policies before the electorate to win their support. Any deviation could destroy party’s stand and entity as well as confidence of the people towards it.

•That a  party should seek to carry out its policy by constitutional means.

•All political parties must endeavor to promote national interest being unbiased from sectarian, communal interest and other any interest.

•Function of Political parties

•He essential functions of political parties, says Lowell, is bringing 

public opinion to a focus and framing various issues for a public 

verdict.

•Political party works as a link between government and people. It is 

indispensable for the working of a democratic government. They 

supply the motive power which keeps the wheels of the 

administration moving.

•Make candidates and programs. It speaks with a united voice with fixed programs instead of uttering unsuitable babble of sound to win election after fielding the candidates. A disorganized mass of people can neither formulate principles nor agree on a policy

•Establishment and control of government. They create open links of communication between governors and governed effectively. Majority party rules in the state, opposition works as a watchdog and the public reacts through the medium of various political parties

•Provide alternative teams to run the government. They prevent the same people remaining in power too long if works wrong.

•Provide political education and awareness from their policies, programs, campaigning processes, manifestos and various slogans

•Produce and recruit political leaders search charismatic leadership and train other respective party workers.

•Leads to modernization through fair and free franchise.

•Solving burning national and international issues.

•Work as a rebellion sometime.